www.pudn.com > Windows Game Programming Gurus Examp > blackbox.cpp
// BLACKBOX.CPP - Game Engine
// INCLUDES ///////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // make sure all macros are included
#include // include important windows stuff
#include
#include
#include // include important C/C++ stuff
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include // directX includes
#include "blackbox.h" // game library includes
// DEFINES ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// TYPES //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PROTOTYPES /////////////////////////////////////////////////
// EXTERNALS //////////////////////////////////////////////////
extern HWND main_window_handle; // save the window handle
extern HINSTANCE main_instance; // save the instance
// GLOBALS ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpdd = NULL; // dd object
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsprimary = NULL; // dd primary surface
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsback = NULL; // dd back surface
LPDIRECTDRAWPALETTE lpddpal = NULL; // a pointer to the created dd palette
LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpddclipper = NULL; // dd clipper
PALETTEENTRY palette[256]; // color palette
PALETTEENTRY save_palette[256]; // used to save palettes
DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // a direct draw surface description struct
DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // used to fill
DDSCAPS2 ddscaps; // a direct draw surface capabilities struct
HRESULT ddrval; // result back from dd calls
DWORD start_clock_count = 0; // used for timing
// these defined the general clipping rectangle
int min_clip_x = 0, // clipping rectangle
max_clip_x = SCREEN_WIDTH-1,
min_clip_y = 0,
max_clip_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT-1;
// these are overwritten globally by DD_Init()
int screen_width = SCREEN_WIDTH, // width of screen
screen_height = SCREEN_HEIGHT, // height of screen
screen_bpp = SCREEN_BPP; // bits per pixel
// FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////////
int DD_Init(int width, int height, int bpp)
{
// this function initializes directdraw
int index; // looping variable
// create object and test for error
if (DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL, (void **)&lpdd, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL)!=DD_OK)
return(0);
// set cooperation level to windowed mode normal
if (lpdd->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle,
DDSCL_ALLOWMODEX | DDSCL_FULLSCREEN |
DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT)!=DD_OK)
return(0);
// set the display mode
if (lpdd->SetDisplayMode(width,height,bpp,0,0)!=DD_OK)
return(0);
// set globals
screen_height = height;
screen_width = width;
screen_bpp = bpp;
// Create the primary surface
memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd));
ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd);
ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS | DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT;
// we need to let dd know that we want a complex
// flippable surface structure, set flags for that
ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps =
DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE | DDSCAPS_FLIP | DDSCAPS_COMPLEX;
// set the backbuffer count to 1
ddsd.dwBackBufferCount = 1;
// create the primary surface
lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd,&lpddsprimary,NULL);
// query for the backbuffer i.e the secondary surface
ddscaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER;
lpddsprimary->GetAttachedSurface(&ddscaps,&lpddsback);
// create and attach palette
// create palette data
// clear all entries defensive programming
memset(palette,0,256*sizeof(PALETTEENTRY));
// create a R,G,B,GR gradient palette
for (index=0; index < 256; index++)
{
// set each entry
if (index < 64)
palette[index].peRed = index*4;
else // shades of green
if (index >= 64 && index < 128)
palette[index].peGreen = (index-64)*4;
else // shades of blue
if (index >= 128 && index < 192)
palette[index].peBlue = (index-128)*4;
else // shades of grey
if (index >= 192 && index < 256)
palette[index].peRed = palette[index].peGreen =
palette[index].peBlue = (index-192)*4;
// set flags
palette[index].peFlags = PC_NOCOLLAPSE;
} // end for index
// now create the palette object
if (lpdd->CreatePalette(DDPCAPS_8BIT | DDPCAPS_INITIALIZE | DDPCAPS_ALLOW256,
palette,&lpddpal,NULL)!=DD_OK)
return(0);
// attach the palette to the primary
if (lpddsprimary->SetPalette(lpddpal)!=DD_OK)
return(0);
// clear out both primary and secondary surfaces
DD_Fill_Surface(lpddsprimary,0);
DD_Fill_Surface(lpddsback,0);
// attach a clipper to the screen
RECT screen_rect = {0,0,screen_width,screen_height};
lpddclipper = DD_Attach_Clipper(lpddsback,1,&screen_rect);
// return success
return(1);
} // end DD_Init
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int DD_Shutdown(void)
{
// this function release all the resources directdraw
// allocated, mainly to com objects
// release the clipper first
if (lpddclipper)
lpddclipper->Release();
// release the palette
if (lpddpal)
lpddpal->Release();
// release the secondary surface
if (lpddsback)
lpddsback->Release();
// release the primary surface
if (lpddsprimary)
lpddsprimary->Release();
// finally, the main dd object
if (lpdd)
lpdd->Release();
// return success
return(1);
} // end DD_Shutdown
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER DD_Attach_Clipper(LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds,
int num_rects,
LPRECT clip_list)
{
// this function creates a clipper from the sent clip list and attaches
// it to the sent surface
int index; // looping var
LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpddclipper; // pointer to the newly created dd clipper
LPRGNDATA region_data; // pointer to the region data that contains
// the header and clip list
// first create the direct draw clipper
if ((lpdd->CreateClipper(0,&lpddclipper,NULL))!=DD_OK)
return(NULL);
// now create the clip list from the sent data
// first allocate memory for region data
region_data = (LPRGNDATA)malloc(sizeof(RGNDATAHEADER)+num_rects*sizeof(RECT));
// now copy the rects into region data
memcpy(region_data->Buffer, clip_list, sizeof(RECT)*num_rects);
// set up fields of header
region_data->rdh.dwSize = sizeof(RGNDATAHEADER);
region_data->rdh.iType = RDH_RECTANGLES;
region_data->rdh.nCount = num_rects;
region_data->rdh.nRgnSize = num_rects*sizeof(RECT);
region_data->rdh.rcBound.left = 64000;
region_data->rdh.rcBound.top = 64000;
region_data->rdh.rcBound.right = -64000;
region_data->rdh.rcBound.bottom = -64000;
// find bounds of all clipping regions
for (index=0; indexrdh.rcBound.left)
region_data->rdh.rcBound.left = clip_list[index].left;
if (clip_list[index].right > region_data->rdh.rcBound.right)
region_data->rdh.rcBound.right = clip_list[index].right;
if (clip_list[index].top < region_data->rdh.rcBound.top)
region_data->rdh.rcBound.top = clip_list[index].top;
if (clip_list[index].bottom > region_data->rdh.rcBound.bottom)
region_data->rdh.rcBound.bottom = clip_list[index].bottom;
} // end for index
// now we have computed the bounding rectangle region and set up the data
// now let's set the clipping list
if ((lpddclipper->SetClipList(region_data, 0))!=DD_OK)
{
// release memory and return error
free(region_data);
return(NULL);
} // end if
// now attach the clipper to the surface
if ((lpdds->SetClipper(lpddclipper))!=DD_OK)
{
// release memory and return error
free(region_data);
return(NULL);
} // end if
// all is well, so release memory and send back the pointer to the new clipper
free(region_data);
return(lpddclipper);
} // end DD_Attach_Clipper
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int DD_Flip(void)
{
// this function flip the primary surface with the secondary surface
// flip pages
while(lpddsprimary->Flip(NULL, DDFLIP_WAIT)!=DD_OK);
// flip the surface
// return success
return(1);
} // end DD_Flip
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DWORD Start_Clock(void)
{
// this function starts the clock, that is, saves the current
// count, use in conjunction with Wait_Clock()
return(start_clock_count = Get_Clock());
} // end Start_Clock
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DWORD Get_Clock(void)
{
// this function returns the current tick count
// return time
return(GetTickCount());
} // end Get_Clock
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DWORD Wait_Clock(DWORD count)
{
// this function is used to wait for a specific number of clicks
// since the call to Start_Clock
while((Get_Clock() - start_clock_count) < count);
return(Get_Clock());
} // end Wait_Clock
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int DD_Fill_Surface(LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds,int color)
{
DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // this contains the DDBLTFX structure
// clear out the structure and set the size field
DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddbltfx);
// set the dwfillcolor field to the desired color
ddbltfx.dwFillColor = color;
// ready to blt to surface
lpdds->Blt(NULL, // ptr to dest rectangle
NULL, // ptr to source surface, NA
NULL, // ptr to source rectangle, NA
DDBLT_COLORFILL | DDBLT_WAIT | DDBLT_ASYNC, // fill and wait
&ddbltfx); // ptr to DDBLTFX structure
// return success
return(1);
} // end DD_Fill_Surface
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int Draw_Rectangle(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int color,
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds)
{
// this function uses directdraw to draw a filled rectangle
DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // this contains the DDBLTFX structure
RECT fill_area; // this contains the destination rectangle
// clear out the structure and set the size field
DD_INIT_STRUCT(ddbltfx);
// set the dwfillcolor field to the desired color
ddbltfx.dwFillColor = color;
// fill in the destination rectangle data (your data)
fill_area.top = y1;
fill_area.left = x1;
fill_area.bottom = y2+1;
fill_area.right = x2+1;
// ready to blt to surface, in this case blt to primary
lpdds->Blt(&fill_area, // ptr to dest rectangle
NULL, // ptr to source surface, NA
NULL, // ptr to source rectangle, NA
DDBLT_COLORFILL | DDBLT_WAIT | DDBLT_ASYNC, // fill and wait
&ddbltfx); // ptr to DDBLTFX structure
// return success
return(1);
} // end Draw_Rectangle
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int Draw_Text_GDI(char *text, int x,int y,int color, LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds)
{
// this function draws the sent text on the sent surface
// using color index as the color in the palette
HDC xdc; // the working dc
// get the dc from surface
if (lpdds->GetDC(&xdc)!=DD_OK)
return(0);
// set the colors for the text up
SetTextColor(xdc,RGB(palette[color].peRed,palette[color].peGreen,palette[color].peBlue) );
// set background mode to transparent so black isn't copied
SetBkMode(xdc, TRANSPARENT);
// draw the text a
TextOut(xdc,x,y,text,strlen(text));
// release the dc
lpdds->ReleaseDC(xdc);
// return success
return(1);
} // end Draw_Text_GDI
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////